The Montauk participated in many campaigns of the French and Indian War (1754-63): Capt. John Budd's company of Southold, Campaign of 1758, included John Peter, Silvester, Jacob Weagut, Josiah Gonnick, James Warbaton, and Joseph Jeffery. Capt. Stephen Sayre's company of Suffolk, Campaign of 1759, included Anthony Fowler, Adam Pharow, Joseph Jeffery, Ned Gardner, Henry Indian, Joash Indian, Hannibal Gonnick, John Charles, Samson, etc. The Campaigns of 1760 and 1761 included ten other Montauk, Connecticut militia companies enlisted Samuel and George Pharow. Their service did nothing to secure the Montauk better treatment at home.

The Montauk and the Province of New York

A Huron beaded sash was presented to Rev. Buell by Sir William Johnson, Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the Province of New York, while visiting Samson Occom at his Montauk home In 1773, the reason for this visit is believed to be Johnson's attempt to keep the Montauk loyal to the British in the looming conflict. Occom and his Native colleagues tried to remain neutral In the Revolutionary War, but among the 'reservation' Montauk there was a spilt, the Pharaohs, Fowlers, Hanibals, and Gonnicks had men serving the rebels. Abraham Quaw was the only Montauk to sign East Hampton's 'Articles of Association" before the Revolutionary War: a Quaw has fought in every mayor conflict of the United States government.

Migration to Brothertown, New York

"...we have moved in the bush for winter quarters. And have as often had our wigwams torn down and what is still more (serious) ...they (Town Trustees) have sometimes burnt them, scarcely giving us time to get out doors..." Montauk Petition to the New York State Assembly, 1800.

Knowing that the Montauk could not survive in the oppressive situation created by the Town Trustees, Occom led the movement to create a town for the remnant Native groups of New England in the Oneida Territory, away from the negative Influences of the whites. A first migration occurred in 1775, with 13 Montauk going.

The movement was stopped by the Revolutionary War, but by 1784 the second migration was underway, and Included the David and Jacob Fowler families, the Samuel and Obadiah Scipio families, the Peter(s) family, the Benjamin and Ephriam Pharaoh families, the Joseph Johnson family, and Samson Occom's family.

Occom died there in 1792, by the early 1800s the Brothertons were being pushed off their land by trespassing settlers. They finally located In Brothertown, Wisconsin on the shores of Lake Winnebago. They were the first Native tribe In the U.S. to become American citizens In the 1820s, but after they were urged by the government to divide their land, their reservation was lost.